Recent demonstrations of silicon lowloss waveguides, light emitters, amplifiers and lasers approach this goal, but a small silicon electrooptic modulator with a size small enough for chipscale integration has not yet been demonstrated. Siliconorganic hybrid, silicononinsulator, photonic integrated circuit, modulator, organic crystal, electrooptic. Silicon electrooptic modulators using pin diodes embedded. The silicon aom is a photonic resonator based modulator similar to electrooptic modulators that have been demonstrated 9. It typically contains one or two pockels cells, and possibly additional optical elements such. Silicon microringbased signal modulation for chipscale. Nasa technical note electrooptic and magnetooptic modulators by e.
Lipson, micrometrescale silicon electrooptic modulator, nature. Microring resonators exhibit a great potential to achieve compact, low powerconsumption and highspeed modulators. Design of a siliconplasmonic hybrid electrooptic modulator. Photonic crystal fiber pcf is wellsuited for sensing applications. Our demonstration shows that a highperformance silicon microringbased device, normally. The onchip insertion loss is 9 db due to the use of a 6 mmlong phase shifter. Silicon electrooptic modulator st andrews research. It uses the machzehnder interferometer principle in waveguides, enabling you to transmit signals with particularly high modulation frequencies up to the gigahertz range. It is a flexible platform for tailoring modal dispersion, confinement. One of the most important devices in optoelectronic integrated circuits is the electrooptic eo modulator 7,8, which converts electronic signals into high bitrate photonic data. Electrooptical modulation at 1550 nm in an asdeposited. Given that the energy and the dosage in the ion implantation process both for p doping bo ron and ndoping phosphorus is set by the fabrication process, we. Extensive studies of lithium niobate electrooptic modulator and polymer electrooptic modulator have been made because.
Maldonado department of electrical engineering the uni y ersity of texas at arlington arlington, texas 1 3. Modulation bandwidths extending into the gigahertz range are possible with the use of lasercontrolled modulators. Electrooptic modulation plays a critical role in implementing space, power and spectrally efficient optical interconnection for highcapacity computing systems. Pockels cell is such device which can produce controllable birefringence by applying voltage to the cell. The basic question concerning an electrooptic modulator is the voltage required to produce a given change in transmittance. Wide temperature range operation of micrometerscale silicon. In an aom, the radial vibrations change the radius by a small displacement r. Electrooptic modulators operation of electrooptic modulators is based on the principle of induced birefringence. Analytical model for calculating the nonlinear distortion. We demonstrate a singledrive pushpull silicon machzehnder modulator mzm with a. Linearized electrooptic racetrack modulator based on. A bulk electrooptic amplitude modulator consists of a voltagetunable wave plate followed by a polarizer.
This complements silicon photonics with the electrooptic eo effect originating from the cladding and enables functionalities such as pure phase modulation, parametric amplification, or thzwave generation. Here we experimentally demonstrate a highspeed electrooptical modulator in compact. Silicon microring based modulator and filter for high. Micrometerscale alloptical wavelength converter on silicon. We characterize the optical responses upon various dc and rf voltage supplies. An electrooptic modulator is a device which can be used for controlling the power, phase or polarization of a laser beam with an electrical control signal.
Siliconorganic hybrid electrooptic modulator a schematic and a crosssectional view of an soh mzm is displayed in fig. The linear electrooptic effect or pockels effect, that is the change of the refractive index in response to an applied electric field, is absent in silicon. This work presents the first successful implementation of a silicon eo modulator with 40 gbits modulation speed. The jenoptik integrated optical phase modulator is a fibercoupled electrooptical light modulator.
We also measured the spurfree dynamic range sfdr of the modulator using twotone method, showing maximum sfdr of 40 dbc and 46 dbc respectively for second harmonic distortion and thirdorder. The cell contains uniaxial crystal, which becomes biaxial when electric field is applied. Femtojoule electrooptic modulation using a silicon. Optoacoustic oscillator using silicon mems optical modulator suresh sridaran and sunil a. Since this is the traditional means of implementing an optical modulator in a waveguidebased device, modulation of the refractive.
We describe and demonstrate the use of a feedback control system to thermally stabilize a silicon microring modulator subjected to a thermally volatile environment. Furthermore, we establish power monitoring as an effective and appropriate mechanism to infer the temperature drift of a microring modulator. Modulators exploiting this effect are popular because they allow for reliable phase and. Acknowledgements this work has been partially carried. These carrier waves follow the laws of geometrical optics. Distance meters featuring visible light or near infrared nir radiation as carrier waves are called electrooptical edm instruments. An electrooptic modulator eom is an optical device in which a signalcontrolled element exhibiting an electrooptic effect is used to modulate a beam of light. Theory of electrooptic modulation via a quantum dot coupled to a. Effective electrooptical modulation with high extinction. An electrooptic eo modulator using a tio2 slot hybrid waveguide has been designed and fabricated. All electrooptic modulators listed in this data sheet are of the transverse field type, that is, the electric field produced by the applied signal voltage is perpendicular to the optical propagation direction. It typically contains one or two pockels cells, and possibly additional optical elements such as polarizers. The focus is on how to use some of the new features introduced in the 20b and 20c releases.
The jenoptik integrated optical amplitude modulator is a fibercoupled electrooptical light modulator. Modeling of the nonlinear distortion in an electrooptic. Recent demonstrations of silicon lowloss waveguides 57, light emitters 8, amplifiers 911 and lasers 12, approach this goal, but a small silicon electrooptic modulator with a size small enough for chipscale integration has not yet been demonstrated. Characterization of silicon electrooptical modulator for. It typically contains one or two pockels cells, and possibly additional optical elements such as. In this paper, we analyze the performance of an electrooptic modulator based on a single quantum dot strongly coupled to a nanoresonator, where electrical control of the quantum dot frequency is achieved.
Bhave oxidemems lab, cornell university, ithaca, ny, usa. Optical modulators using semiconductor nanostructures. The phase shifter is composed by a 4 mmlong reversebiased pn junction with a modulation efficiency v. In this work, a silicon electrooptic modulator based on. Optical mode calculations revealed that the mode was primarily confined within the slots when. Metal interconnections are expected to become the limiting factor for the performance of electronic systems as transistors. High frequency electrooptic measurement of strained. For amplitude modulation, the transmission is given by. Uri cummings, linearized and high frequency electrooptic modulators. A siliconplasmonic hybrid phase shifter clad with electrooptic polymer is introduced to achieve highspeed performance and low energy consumption. We demonstrate silicon machzehnder interferometer mzi optical modulator with 50. We offer modulators for wavelengths in the vis and ir spectral range for this purpose.
Recent demonstrations of silicon lowloss waveguides 5,6,7, light emitters 8, amplifiers 9,10,11 and lasers 12, approach this goal, but a small silicon electrooptic modulator with a size small. Strained silicon, pockels effect, plasma carrier effect, integrated optical devices, electrooptic modulators. Electrooptical modulator using sio2 waveguides with. Oeo uses an rf filter and an electrooptic modulator for filtering the rf signal and upconverting it to optical. The device consists of two 1 mmlong soh phase modulators that are driven in pushpull configuration by a single coplanar. Silicon which has been widely used in electronic industry has been considered as a promising material for electrooptic modulators, due to its mature manufacturing technology and low cost. The modulation may be imposed on the phase, frequency, amplitude, or polarization of the beam. An electrooptic modulator eom or electrooptic modulator is a device which can be used for controlling the power intensity modulators, phase phase modulators or polarization of light with an electrical control signal. Design of an electrooptic modulator based on a silicon.
Amplitude modulators basically consist of an electrooptic modulator followed by a polarizer. Micrometrescale silicon electrooptic modulator rice ece. Modeling of the nonlinear distortion in an electrooptic siliconbased machzehnder modulator modeling of the nonlinear distortion in an electrooptic siliconbased machzehnder modulator an analytical model for calculating the nonlinear rf distortion products in siliconbased electrooptic machzehnder modulators is reported and experimentally. The electrooptic tensor for gaas has nonzero components r41 r52 r63 in the crystal coordinate system. Micrometrescale silicon electrooptic modulator nature. Electrooptic organic crystal silicon highspeed modulator. Simulations show that the proposed modulator can achieve an extinction ratio of. Recent demonstrations of silicon lowloss waveguides5,6,7, light emitters8, amplifiers9,10,11 and lasers12, approach this goal, but a small silicon electrooptic modulator with a size small. Silicon which has been widely used in electronic industry has been considered as a promising material for electro optic modulators, due to its mature manufacturing technology and low cost. Nanoscale graphene electrooptic modulators zhaolin lu and wangshi zhao. Highspeed lowvoltage singledrive pushpull silicon mach. In electrooptic modulators, the effective index is changed by charge injection to obtain a resonance wavelength shift.
Galan, high linear ringassisted mzi electro optic silicon modulators suitable for radio overfiber applications, in international conference on group iv photonics gfp. Here we experimentally demonstrate a highspeed electro optical modulator in compact. It combines silicon waveguides with a highly nonlinear electrooptic eo organic material 49. Recent demonstrations of silicon lowloss waveguides5,6,7, light emitters8, amplifiers9,10,11 and lasers12, approach this goal, but a small silicon electro optic modulator with a size small. Lipson, micrometerscale silicon electrooptic modulator. As data travels around the internet, its routinely switched from electrical signals to light in order to travel through the networks fiber optic. Electro optical modulator system configuration options. In this study, an analytical model for calculating the nonlinear harmonicintermodulation distortion for rf signals in siliconbased electrooptic modulators is investigated by considering the nonlinearity on the effective index change curve with the operation point and the device structure simultaneously.
Electro optic modulator an electrooptic modulator is a device which can be used for controlling the power, phase or polarization of a laser beam with an electrical control signal. Electrooptic modulator types phase modulators the simplest type of electrooptic modulator is a phase modulator containing only a pockels cell, where an electric field changes the phase delay of a laser beam sent through the crystal. Low power and fast electrooptic silicon modulator with lateral pin. Rp photonics encyclopedia electrooptic modulators, eom. Kartner, highspeed silicon electrooptic modulator design, ieee. Here we experimentally demonstrate a highspeed electrooptical modulator in compact silicon structures. Osa thermal stabilization of a microring modulator using. Recent demonstrations of silicon lowloss waveguides 57, light emitters 8, amplifiers 911 and lasers 12, approach this goal, but a small silicon electro optic modulator with a size small enough for chip scale integration has not yet been demonstrated. We propose a siliconcompatible plasmonic electrooptic modulator employing a silicon racetrack ring resonator coupled to a bus waveguide. Theory of electrooptic modulation via a quantum dot. Osa 50gbs silicon optical modulator with traveling.
This technology allows to choose among a variety of materials with significantly larger. Integrated silicon electro optical modulators for datatelecom. Linbo3 was interesting almost solely because of the fact that it possesses a large electrooptic coefficient3, enabling optical modulation via the pockels effect. Higher switching speed up to 4050 gbs is also demonstrated in devices with shorter phase shifters which require higher drive voltages but have lower insertion losses. With jenoptik integrated optical phase modulators, you can influence the phase of light in particularly high modulation frequencies up to the gigahertz range. This electrooptical modulator is smaller than a lightwave. Design of a siliconplasmonic hybrid electrooptic modulator mu xu, jiayang wu, zhiming zhuang, fei li, tao wang, linjie zhou, and yikai su state key lab of advanced optical communication systems and networks, department of electronic engineering. Silicon waveguides can be functionalized with an organic chi2nonlinear cladding. Claddings based on a polymer matrix containing chromophores have been. Siliconorganic hybrid soh electrooptic modulators for high. This video demonstrates how to transfer data between lumericals electrical and optical solvers.